Ebyafaayo
- 1867
- 1895
- 1901
- 1951
Obulamu bw'obuminsani mukisa gwokka ogw'okufa.
Amy Beatrice Carmichael yazaalibwa nga 16 Ddesemba 1867 mu kabuga akatono ak'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja aka Millisle, mu Disitulikiti ya Down, mu bukiikakkono bwa Ireland, nga ye mubereberye mu baana omusanvu ab'omu maka amasinza Katonda ag'Abapolotesitanti. Kitaawe, David, yali museevu; amaka gaamanya obulungi n'obwavu obw'amazima, oluvannyuma lw'okufa kwe okw'amangu Amy bwe yali akyali muto. Yakulira ng'asaba essaala ez'obwana n'obuvumu bw'omwana. Esinga okumanyibwa mu zo era ekyajjukirwa n'okutuusa kaakano: ng'akyali muwala muto yasaba Katonda, buli kiro, akyuse amaaso ge amaddugavu gafuuke ga bbululu, era buli nkya yadduka okulaba mu ndabirwamu oba yali akikoze. Yali tannakikola. Wabula emyaka mingi oluvannyuma, ng'asiiga olususu lwe olweru olw'Ekiyirisi n'akaawa akaddugavu asobole okuyingira mu masabo g'Abahindu awatali kutegeerwa mu bukiikaddyo bwa Buyindi, we yandimannya lwaki amaaso amaddugavu gaali kirabo ekisinga obulungi.
Okukkiriza kwe kwazibuwa mu buvubuka bwe ne mu myaka gye egy'amakumi abiri okufuuka ekintu eky'omuwendo omunene okusinga okwegomba kw'omwana. Mu nguudo za Belfast, amaka gye gaali gasengukidde, yatandika okukuŋŋaanya abawala abasinga obwavu ab'oku byuma — "shawlies," abaayitibwa bwe batyo kubanga baali bavu nnyo okugula enkufiira ne bambala amawew, amagoye ku mitwe gyabwe — olw'amasomo aga Ssande. Omulimu gwakula okutuusa lwe gwetaaga ekizimbe kyagwo, era mu 1887 "Welcome Hall" ery'olubereberye lyazimbibwa okugutwala. Emyaka egyo gyennyini egya Belfast gyaliko ekisiikirize ky'ennaku n'obulumi — okufa kwa kitaawe, n'okulumbibwa okw'olubereberye okw'obulwadde obw'olusi obw'olubeerera obwandimwandanga obulamu bwe bwonna — era kyali wakati mu kubonaabona okwo, so si ebweru waakwo, we yawuliririza olubereberye enkyukakyuka mu mutima gwe okwolekera obuweereza bw'obuminsani ebweru. Ng'ayita mu Lukuŋŋaana lwa Keswick yayingira mu mukondo gw'okuyigiriza kw'obutukuvu okwa Vikitoliya okwandiumba obulamu bwe bwonna: okuyita eri okwewaayo okujjuvu, okuteeka byonna awatali kubaliza ku bigere bya Kristo.
Okuyitibwa Ebuvanjuba
Okuyitibwa eri ennimiro ey'obuminsani, bwe kwajja, kwali kwa maliriro era, eri abaali bamwetoolodde, kwa kutiisa. Ng'akwatiddwako ebigambo bya Hudson Taylor, omutandisi wa China Inland Mission, Amy yasooka okwewaayo eri obuminsani obwo bwennyini — naye yali mulwadde w'olusi, obulwadde bw'olusi bwandimulaza wiiki, era obulamu bwe bwasalirwa nti tebumala. Mu kifo ky'ekyo yaseeyeeya okudda e Japani mu 1893, omu ku baminsani abasooka abaatumibwa wansi w'ebendera ya Keswick, ng'ayiga olulimi era ng'ayambala engoye z'Ekijapani. Okuva mu myezi egyo kwava ekitabo kye ekisooka, From Sunrise Land (1895), naye obulwadde bwakomya olugendo oluvannyuma lw'emyezi nga kkumi na etaano. Ekiseera kitono mu Ceylon — kaakano Sri Lanka — kyagoberera. Awo, mu Novemba 1895, yatuuka mu bukiikaddyo bwa Buyindi wansi wa Church of England Zenana Missionary Society, ng'eyeewaayo okuva ku ntandikwa okubeera wakati mu bantu, ng'ayiga olulimi lwabwe n'empisa zaabwe — era eyo, okuggyako okutuuka kwe, teyaddayo kuvaayo nate. Yandiweerezza emyaka amakumi ataano mu etaano awatali kiwummulo na kimu eky'okudda awaka.
Buyindi yamenya n'ezzaawo obuweereza bwe. Ng'atambula mu byalo eby'Abatamil ebyetooloola Tinnevelly — Tirunelveli owa leero — ng'abuulira ng'ali ku gaali ly'ente, yatandika okuyiga ku kibi ekyakwekebwa: empisa ya devadasi, mu abaana abato, abamu ku bo nga baana abawere, "baaweebwangayo" ababazadde baabwe eri amasabo, abawala nga bategekebwa olw'obwenzi obw'eddiini wansi w'ekyoyo eky'obuweereza bw'eddiini. Akaseera akakyusa byonna kaatuuka nga 7 Maaci 1901, omuwala ow'emyaka omusanvu ayitibwa Preena, eyali adduse okuva mu ssabo gye yali akwatiddwa, bwe yasanga ekkubo lye okutuuka ku Amy. Emikono gy'omwana gyakyali gitwala obubonero abakazi b'essabo we baali bamwokezza ebyuma ebyokya olw'okugezaako okusooka okudduka. Preena yalinnya ku maviivi ga Amy, era ekkubo lya Amy lyateekebwawo. Teyasobola kwerabira kye yali amanyi kaakano.
Ab'omu Maka mu Dohnavur
Okuva mu kusisinkana okwo kwakula Dohnavur Fellowship, eyakuŋŋaanyizibwa okwetooloola ekyalo kya Dohnavur okumpi n'akasongezo k'obukiikaddyo bwa Buyindi. Amy teyandiigikulembeddemu ng'ekitongole; yanywereza ku nsonga nti erina okuba amaka, era nti abaana — abanunulwa kinnoomu, emirundi mingi nga bayita mu kabi era ku nkomerero y'amateeka — bamuyite si "mukyala" wabula Amma, maama. Yambala saali, yatwala emmere n'empisa z'Ekihindu, yawa abaana amannya ag'Ekihindu, era yagaana okufuula omulimu ekyokwerakuza. Yanywerera ku ndowooza y'ensimbi enzibu gye yayiga okuva ku Hudson Taylor n'okuva ku nnyumba z'enfuuzi za George Müller edda ye: obwetaavu bwandibuulirwa Katonda mu kusaba, si kubusaba baawi; tewandibaddewo kukoowoola wadde kukuŋŋaanya nsimbi — saba busabi, gondera, era tunuulira Katonda ng'agaba. Abaana beeyongera — abawala kkumi na omusanvu okutuuka 1904, kikumi mu asatu okutuuka 1913 — era mu 1918 Fellowship yaggulawo enzigi zaayo eri abalenzi nabo. Ebifo by'okulabirira abaana, amasomero, ebifo eby'okukolerako, obusuulu, ettaka ery'ebyalimwa, ne hatimaye eddwaliro byazimbibwa ku kifo, okutuusa Dohnavur bwe yakula okufuuka ekintu ekifaanana ekyalo eky'Ekikristaayo eky'ekyokulabirako — byonna nga biwaniriddwa, Amy bwe yanywereza, okusaba okwaddibwamu.
Ebigezo, n'Engeri Okukkiriza gye Kwabikabidde
Tewali kintu kikwata ku mulimu ekyali kyangu oba kya bukuumi. Amy yalumirizibwa okuba omuwambi w'abaana, yaleeterwa mu bibuuzo by'amateeka, yaziyizibwa abo aba bbizinensi yaabwe ey'abaana gye yali akomya. Yaziika abaana be yali alwaniridde okulokola. Omwaka 1912 gwafuuka gumu ku gy'ennaku ennyingi mu bulamu bwe, nga guleeta okufa kwa banne ab'oku bumpi ab'obuminsani ne kwa maama we yennyini; yeeyongerayo mu maaso, ng'afuna essanyu mu kisa kya Kristo ne mu kuseka n'okusaba kw'amaka ge aga Dohnavur agakula. Era yawandiika ku byonna awatali kubipamba. Ekitabo kye ekya 1903 Things as They Are kyanyeenyeza abasomi baakyo Abangereza n'ekifaananyi kyakyo ekitaliimu bikwatagana by'ennimiro y'obuminsani nnyo kiasi nti abamu baamulumiriza okwongera ku ngeri — yali agaanye enfumo z'okubudaabuda abagoberezi ze baali basuubira, era obwesimbu bw'ekitabo bwayamba okuzuukusa obuwagizi obw'amazima olw'omulimu. Teyeefuula kimala nti omuwendo gwali mutono.
Obulamu bw'obuminsani mukisa gwokka ogw'okufa.
— Amy Carmichael
Okugezesebwa kwe okusinga obuziba kwajja oluvannyuma. Mu 1931 yasaba okusaba okw'akabi — nti Katonda akole kyonna mu ye ekyandimufudde omusaanidde okumuweereza — era oluvannyuma lwa katono, ng'akyalira ekyalo okunoonya ettaka eppya olw'obuweereza, yagwa okugwa okuzikiriza, ng'amenya okugulu kwe, ng'aggya ekinyiro ky'okugulu, era ng'alumya omongo gwe. Ebiwundu, ebyagattibwa ku busannyalazo bw'ennyingo n'obulwadde obukadde obw'olusi, byamuleka mu ngeri ennene ng'agalamidde ku kitanda emyaka amakumi abiri egy'oluvannyuma egy'obulamu bwe. Okuva mu kisenge ekyo, mu bulumi obutakoma, yawandiika ebisinga ku bitabo bye amakumi asatu mu bitaano, yayiwa amagezi eri Fellowship gye yali tasobola nate kutambulira mu, era n'akola ekitabo ekitono eky'okwewaayo ekimanyiddwa If, olukalala lw'ennyiriri ez'okupekula buli emu epima omusomi eri okwagala okwalagibwa ku Kalvale.
Bwe siba na saasira ku muweereza munnange nga Mukama wange bwe yansaasira, kale simanyi kintu ku kwagala kwa Kalvale.
— Amy Carmichael
Ennyiriri ezo tezaawandiikibwa okuva ku bbanga ery'obwerufu. Zaava ku mukazi eyali amaze emyaka amakumi asatu ng'ayiwa okusaasira ku baasuulibwa, era eyaziwandiika hatimaye okuva ku kitanda eky'obulumi, ng'agezesa omwoyo gwe yennyini n'obukambwe nga ogwa omusomi yenna. Ekiddiŋŋanwa kidda emirundi n'emirundi, buli nkyukakyuka nga etuuma okulemwa okulala okw'okukkakkamu okw'okwagala:
Bwe nsobola mangu okwogera ku bulema ne ku bibi bya buli muntu; bwe nsobola okwogera mu ngeri eyabulijjo ne ku nsobi z'omwana, kale simanyi kintu ku kwagala kwa Kalvale.
— Amy Carmichael
Okufa n'Ekirabo Ekyaleka
Amy Carmichael teyaddayo nate mu Ireland oluvannyuma lw'okuseeyeeya ebuvanjuba mu 1893. Yafiira mu Dohnavur nga 18 Jaanwali 1951, ng'aweza emyaka kinaana mu esatu, ng'asabye nti tewali jjinja liteekebwe ku ntaana ye. Abaana baamuziika nga baliko ekyoga ky'ennyonyi waggulu w'ekifo n'ekigambo kimu ku lw'ekijjukizo — Amma. Yali abadde mulamu okulaba entandikwa y'enkomerero y'ekibi kye yalwana: mu 1948, emyaka esatu nga kufa kwe tekunnajja, okuweebwayo kw'abawala eri amasabo — enkola ya devadasi gye yamala ekitundu kya kyasa ng'aziyiza — kwaziyizibwa mu Buyindi, enkyukakyuka mu bangi mwe balambulukira obulambulukirwa obuwanvu obw'obujulizi bwe. Fellowship gye yatandika yamuwangaala era eyeeyongera n'omulimu gwayo mu Tamil Nadu wa kati, ng'ewanirira abaana n'amaka n'okusomesa, obujjanjabi, n'okuyigiriza okw'Ekikristaayo ku ttaka lye yasabira okubeerawo.
Yaleka emabega olubaawo lw'ebitabo ebitali bingi ku Buyindi okusinga ku kwewaayo: Gold Cord (1932), olugero lwa Fellowship, erinnya lyakyo nga kye kifaananyi kye eky'ebisiba ebitamenyeka eby'okwagala n'ekigendererwa ekigabanwa ebisiba ekibiina eri Katonda n'omu ku munne; If; ne juzuu nnyingi ez'ennyimba n'ebbaluwa emirembe gy'abasomi gye gizuze nga zikakasa era ennongoofu. Yayigiriza nti Omukristaayo asaba okugoberera Kristo okumpi tasaanidde kwewuunya kutuumibwa akabonero olw'okugoberera okwo. Empisa ye mu buli kigezo yali okusirika n'okulinda Katonda nga tannakola.
Kale linda mu maaso ga Mukama. Linda mu kusiriikirira, era mu kusiriikirira okwo obukakafu bunaakujjira.
— Amy Carmichael
Guno gwe gwali omutindo gw'obulamu bwe bwonna: okusaba okw'obuvumu okw'omwana Katonda kwe yamanya obulungi okusinga okuddamu nga bwe kwasabibwa; omukazi omuvubuka omulwadde eyagaana okusigala awaka; maama eri enkumi z'abaana ensi be yali esudde; ne, ku nkomerero, omulwadde eyava ku kitanda kye ng'akyapima buli nsonda y'omutima eri okwagala kw'Omusaalaba. Teyasaba buyigirizwa obutaliiko nkovu, era teyaweebwa bumu. Yandigambye nti kye kyali ekisa ekisinga obwesimbu mu bulamu bwe.
Era alabika mu
Ebibuuzo n'Eby'okuddamu
Amy Carmichael yava wa?
Yazaalibwa nga 16 Ddesemba 1867 mu kabuga ak'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja aka Millisle, mu Disitulikiti ya Down, mu bukiikakkono bwa Ireland, nga ye mubereberye mu baana omusanvu ab'omu maka ag'Abapresbiteri agatya Katonda; kitaawe David yali musiisi w'emmere y'empeke. Essaala ye esinga okumanyibwa ey'obuto yali ey'okusaba amaaso ge amaddugavu gakyusibwe gafuuke ga bbululu — essaala Katonda gy'ataddamu. Wabula emyaka mingi oluvannyuma, ng'asiiga olususu lwe langi enzirugavu asobole okuyingira mu masabo g'Abahindu awatali kutegeerwa mu bukiikaddyo bwa Buyindi, we yandimanyidde lwaki amaaso amaddugavu gaali kirabo ekisinga obulungi.
Okukkiriza kwe kwazibuwa kutya nga tannagenda mu nnimiro ya buminsani?
Mu Belfast yatandika okukuŋŋaanya abawala abasinga obwavu abaakolanga mu makolero — "shawlies," abaali abaavu ennyo okugula enkufiira — olw'amasomo aga Ssande, okutuusa omulimu lwe gwetaaga "Welcome Hall" yaagwo, eyazimbibwa mu 1887. Emyaka egyo gyaliko ekisiikirize ky'okufa kwa kitaawe n'okulumbibwa okw'olubereberye okw'obulwadde bw'olusi obw'olubeerera obwandimuyigganyizza obulamu bwe bwonna, era wakati mu kubonaabona okwo we yasooka okuwulira okuyitibwa eri obuweereza bw'obuminsani, ng'ayita mu Keswick okuyingira mu kuyitibwa eri okwewaayo okujjuvu.
Yatuuka atya mu Buyindi?
Ng'akwatiddwako Hudson Taylor, yasooka okwewaayo eri China Inland Mission, naye obulamu bwe bwasalirwa nti tebumala. Mu kifo ky'ekyo yaseeyeeya okudda e Japani mu 1893 — okuva eyo kwe kwava ekitabo kye ekisooka, "From Sunrise Land" — n'oluvannyuma n'amala akaseera akatono mu Ceylon, era mu Novemba 1895 n'atuuka mu bukiikaddyo bwa Buyindi wansi wa Church of England Zenana Missionary Society. Okuggyako okutuuka kwe, teyaddayo kuvaayo nate, ng'aweereza emyaka amakumi ataano mu etaano awatali kiwummulo na kimu eky'okudda awaka.
Kibi ki ekyakwekebwa kye yalwanyisa mu Buyindi?
Ng'atambula mu byalo by'Abatamil, yategeera empisa ya devadasi, mwe baazadde baaweerangayo abaana abato eri amasabo, abawala nga bategekebwa olw'obwenzi obw'eddiini wansi w'ekyoyo eky'obuweereza bw'eddiini. Akaseera akakyusa byonna kaatuuka nga 7 Maaci 1901, omuwala ow'emyaka omusanvu ayitibwa Preena, eyali adduse okuva mu ssabo, bwe yasanga ekkubo okutuuka ku Amy — emikono gy'omwana nga gikyalina obubonero we baali bamwokezza olw'okugezaako okusooka okudduka.
Dohnavur Fellowship yali ki?
Yava mu kununula kwa Amy abaana kinnoomu, n'ekula okufuuka amaka agaakuŋŋaanyizibwa okumpi n'akasongezo k'obukiikaddyo bwa Buyindi. Teyandigikulembedde ng'ekitongole: abaana baamuyitanga si "mukyala" wabula Amma, maama. Yayambalanga saali, yatwala emmere n'empisa z'Ekihindu, era yawa abaana amannya ag'Ekihindu. Baali abawala kkumi na musanvu okutuuka mu 1904, kikumi mu asatu okutuuka mu 1913, n'abalenzi ne bagattibwako okuva mu 1918, okutuusa ebifo by'okulabiriramu abaana abato, amasomero, ebifo eby'okukoleramu n'eddwaliro lwe byafuula Dohnavur ekintu ekifaanana ekyalo eky'Ekikristaayo eky'ekyokulabirako.
Omulimu gwasasulirwanga gutya?
Mu kusaba kwokka, enkola gye yayiga okuva ku Hudson Taylor ne ku nnyumba z'enfuuzi za George Müller: obwetaavu bwabuulirwanga Katonda, so si kusabibwa baawi — tewaali kukoowoola wadde kukuŋŋaanya nsimbi. Mu myaka egy'obwetaavu egya Ssematalo Ogusooka, paundi bwe yagwa n'ebbeeyi ne zeeyongera nnyo, Fellowship mu ngeri emu teyasigala nga yeetaaga; obujulizi bwa Amy bwali bwangu era obutanyeenyezebwa — baali tebabuzeeko kintu kimu ekirungi.
Kuziyizibwa na nnaku ki bye yasanga?
Tewali kintu kikwata ku mulimu ekyali kya bukuumi. Yalumirizibwa okuwamba abaana, n'atwalibwa mu nsonga z'amateeka, n'aziyizibwa abo abaali basuubula abaana be yali akomya, era yaziika abaana be yali alwaniridde okulokola. Omwaka 1912 gwali gumu ku gy'ennaku ennyingi mu bulamu bwe, nga guleeta okufa kwa banne be yali akolagana nabo ennyo ne kwa maama we yennyini. Ekitabo kye "Things as They Are" kyanyeenya nnyo abasomi Abangereza olw'obwesimbu bwakyo obutaliimu bya kwesiimisa, abamu ne bamulumiriza okwongeza ku bintu.
Obuweereza bwe obw'emirimu bwakoma butya?
Mu 1931 yasaba Katonda akole kyonna mu ye ekyandimufudde omusaanidde okumuweereza, era oluvannyuma lwa katono, ng'anoonya ettaka eppya, n'agwa okugwa okw'amaanyi ennyo — ng'amenya okugulu, ng'aggya ekinyiro ky'akakongovvule mu kifo, era ng'alumya omugongo. Ebiwundu ebyo, nga byegasse ku busannyalazo bw'ennyingo n'obulwadde obukadde obw'olusi, byamuleka kumpi ng'agalamidde ku kitanda okumala emyaka amakumi abiri egy'oluvannyuma egy'obulamu bwe. Okuva mu kisenge ekyo, mu bulumi obutakoma, yawandiika ebisinga ku bitabo bye amakumi asatu mu bitaano.
Akatabo ke akatono "If" kali ki?
Lwe lukalala lw'ennyiriri ez'okukebera omutima, buli lumu nga lupima omusomi eri okwagala okwalagibwa ku Kalvale: "Bwe siba na kusaasira eri muweereza munnange nga Mukama wange bwe yansaasira, kale simanyi kintu ku kwagala kwa Kalvale." Ennyiriri ezo tezaawandiikibwa okuva ewala mu bweyagaze, wabula okuva ku kitanda eky'obulumi, omukazi eyali amaze emyaka amakumi asatu ng'ayiwa okusaasira ku baasuulibwa, ng'akebera omwoyo gwe yennyini n'obukambwe nga ogw'omusomi yenna.
Yafa atya, era kiki kye yaleka emabega?
Yafiira mu Dohnavur nga 18 Jaanwali 1951, ng'aweza emyaka kinaana mu esatu, ng'asabye nti tewali jjinja liteekebwe ku ntaana ye; abaana ne bateeka ekyoga ky'ennyonyi waggulu w'ekifo n'ekigambo kimu ng'ekijjukizo — Amma. Mu 1948 okuweebwayo kw'abawala eri amasabo kwaziyizibwa mu mateeka ga Buyindi, enkyukakyuka bangi gye bakwataganya n'obujulizi bwe obw'ebbanga eddene. Fellowship gye yatandika ekyagenda mu maaso mu Tamil Nadu, era yaleka olubaawo lw'ebitabo ku kwewaayo — "Obulamu bw'obuminsani," bwe yawandiika, "mukisa gwokka ogw'okufa."