Omulembe gw’Ababaka b’Enjiri

Ebyafaayo bya Alexander Maclaren

1826–1910

Noonya

Ebyafaayo

  1. 1826
  2. 1846
  3. 1858
  4. 1905
  5. 1910
Ebirabo eby’ensi eno bikoowaza so tebimatiza; Katonda amatiza so takoowaza.
Alexander Maclaren

Alexander Maclaren yazaalibwa mu Glasgow nga 11 February 1826, omwana wa David Maclaren, omusuubuzi eyali era omubuulizi ow’Ababatisiti atali musumba mutongole — bw’atyo omulenzi yakulira ng’awulira Ebyawandiikibwa nga bibikkululwa mu maka nga tannabibikkulira ku kifo ky’okubuulira. Yali w’amagezi amangu, ayagala ebitabo, era ng’atya Katonda. Yasooka okusoma mu Glasgow University, era ab’omu maka bwe baasengukira e London n’atekebwa okutendekebwa okuweereza ku Stepney College, essomero ery’abaweereza Ababatisiti, ng’ayingira mu 1842. Eyo n’asangayo omusomesa eyamukola okumala obulamu bwe bwonna: omunnabyennimi ow’Olwebbulaniya Benjamin Davies, eyanywereza omuyizi we omuto mu Luyonaani ne mu Lwebbulaniya ennyo nnyini nga Maclaren oluvannyuma teyakkiriza lunaku kuyita nga tannabikozesa. Kino kye kyakola omunnyonnyozi w’Ebyawandiikibwa: omusajja eyandimazeewo ekitundu ky’ekyasa nga aggya emikuutu mu bigambo byennyini eby’Ebyawandiikibwa, yasooka okuyigirizibwa okwagala ebigambo ebyo mu nnimi ze byawandiikibwamu. Yaggya diguli ey’e London University mu 1845, ng’awangula ekirabo mu kibuuzo ky’Ebyawandiikibwa, era mu myaka amakumi abiri yali yeetegese — nga muto okusinga abasajja abasinga obungi lwe basooka okuwuliriza ababuulizi, ye yali amaze okuyitibwa okubeera omu ku bo.

Obuweereza obw’emyezi esatu obwamala emyaka kkumi n’ebiri

Ekkanisa ye eyasooka yali Portland Chapel mu Southampton, gye yatandika okuweereza nga 28 June 1846. Yayitibwa ng’omuweereza ow’ekiseera, oboolyawo emyezi esatu, mu kkuŋŋaaniro ettono — ekisenge eky’abawuliriza ebikumi bisatu, abamemba amakumi abiri, n’empeera entono eyakakasibwa. Emyezi esatu ne gifuuka emyaka kkumi n’ebiri. Yali kutendekebwa okuzibu, okutaliimu kitiibwa kya kungulu, era ne kumuyigiriza obukugu obwandimufudde ayatiikirivu: engeri y’okutwala ekyawandiikibwa kimu n’okikibikkula okutuusa ekkuŋŋaaniro ekya bulijjo lwe liraba Enjiri yonna nga eyimiridde mu kyo.

Mu 1858 yayitibwa ku Union Chapel, Manchester, era eyo gye yasigala — si kya kiseera, wabula okumala obulamu bwe obwonna obw’okuweereza. Okuva mu 1858 okutuuka mu 1903, emyaka amakumi ana mu etaano, yabuulira abantu abo bumu, mu kibuga kye kimu, ng’asinziira mu kitabo kye kimu. Buno bumu ku buweereza obwewuunyisa obwawanvuwa mu kyasa ekyo, era mu bwo mwe mwava ettutumu eryamugobereranga ennaku zonna: omulangira w’ababuulizi abannyonnyozi b’Ebyawandiikibwa. Ebibiina byajjanga okuva mu kibuga kyonna ne bwe kyayitirira okumuwuliriza, n’abaweereza abato ne bajja okuyiga; naye omusajja yennyini teyanoonya ttutumu, era yandibaze omwoyo gumu oguyambiddwa okusemberera Kristo ng’ekivaamu ekisinga obulungi okusinga oluggya olujjudde. Emirundi ebiri Baptist Union yamufuula pulezidenti waayo, era Baptist World Alliance bwe yasooka okukuŋŋaana mu London mu 1905 yafuula omukadde ow’e Manchester pulezidenti waayo eyasooka. Naye ebitiibwa tebyamuggya ku mmeeza ye ey’okusoma, era yabyambala mpola, ng’omunnyonnyozi w’Ebyawandiikibwa okutuusa ku nkomerero so si omukungu.

Ekisenge eky’okusoma, si kifo kya kuwummuliramu

Amaanyi ga Maclaren ku kifo ky’okubuulira gaava mu kwekomako mu kisenge eky’okusoma okwataddirira. Buli nkya yasomanga essuula ey’Endagaano Enkadde mu Lwebbulaniya n’essuula ey’Endagaano Empya mu Luyonaani — si ng’omuyivu awagala ebikozesebwa bye, wabula ng’omusinza, Ekigambo ng’akisomera ku maviivi ge nga tekannabuulirwa ku kifo. Yayingiranga mu kisenge kye essaawa ssatu ez’enkya, era — nga bwe boogera abo abaamumanya — yaggyangako engatto ze ennangu n’ayambala engatto enzito ez’ebweru ez’emirimu, okwejjukiza nti ky’ali agenda okukola kyali mulimu muzibu. Ekisenge kye eky’okusoma, nga bwe yakakata, kyali kya kusoma, si kifo kya kuwummuliramu era ddala si wafiisi; tewaali ssimu, era okusuulaasuula tekwasanyukirwanga. Yalabulanga abaweereza abato obutakkiriza kusindikibwa mu bukiiko ne mu nkuŋŋaana ez’okunywa caayi nga kibagwanira okubeera ku meeza zaabwe n’ekyawandiikibwa.

Yagaananga okutegeka emikuutu gye emiwendo gy’essabbiiti nga tegannatuuka. “Nteekwa okukiwa nga kikyayokya,” bwe yagamba, era yali akutegeeza — obubaka bwalina okujja nga bubugumu okuva ku muliro ogw’enkya eyo, so si okwokezebwa okuva mu bubaka obwannyogovu obw’essabbiiti ennaggya. Yabuulira, mu ngeri eyamwatiikiriza, awatali kiwandiiko. Empisa eyo yazaalibwa mu kabenje akatono ku ntandikwa y’obuweereza bwe: obubaka bwe yali atadde mu Bayibuli ye bwafuuwibwa ne bubulawo mu ssaawa y’okusinza, era yasalawo mu kaseera ako obutaddayo kwolekera bantu be nga waliwo akapapula wakati waabwe. Ekitundu ky’ekyasa oluvannyuma yawandiikanga sentensi ze entonotono ez’olubereberye zokka n’abuulira ekifisseewo ng’asinziira ku lupapula lumu olw’emitwe egisookerwako — era abawandiisi abaakwatanga ebigambo bye baasanga waliwo katono nnyo okutereeza.

Kye yabuulira

Emikuutu gye gyalina enkula eyategeerekekanga nga eddoboozi lye bwe lyategeerekekanga. Gyamalanga ng’eddakiika amakumi ana n’ebigambo enkumi nnya, nga ginywerera ku kyawandiikibwa era nga gigabanyizibwamu emitwe esatu egyeyolefu — mu ngeri eyeesigika nnyo nga omunenya ow’omukwano yagamba nti yagabula omugaati ogw’obulamu n’ewuuma ey’amannyo asatu. Naye enteekateeka teyalinga kkomera; yali ngeri ya kutwala kkuŋŋaaniro, nsonga ku nsonga, okuyingira mu mutima gw’ekitundu okutuusa lwe balikiraba kyonna. Yabuuliranga okukyusa emitima, si kwerarikiriza, era yakuuma ekigendererwa ekyo n’obwegendereza. Okwejjaako ye yennyini, waleme kubaawo kintu kyonna ekiyimirira wakati w’abawuliriza be ne Kristo ow’ekyawandiikibwa, yakibala nga kimu ku mirimu egisooka egy’omubuulizi — era emyaka amakumi ana mu etaano mu kifo ky’okubuulira kimu, ng’agaana ebifo n’obukiiko ebyandimufudde omuntu wa lujjudde, kwe kwali okwenyweza mu nzikiriza eyo okumala ebbanga eddene.

Kye yawa abantu be, nga kibugumu era awatali biwandiiko, yali Kristo — Kristo ng’amuggya mu kyawandiikibwa n’obweyolefu obwaleetera abantu okulaba ekyo kye baali basomye emirundi kikumi naye ne batakiraba. Yalina ekirabo eky’okwogera sentensi ejjukirwa eyabeeranga mu kujjukira n’etegenda, era emirundi n’emirundi omulamwa gwe gwali ekintu kimu kye yali akakasizza ennyo: nti omutima gw’omuntu gwakolebwa ku lwa Katonda era teguwummula okutuusa lwe guwummulira mu ye.

Ebirabo eby’ensi eno bikoowaza so tebimatiza; Katonda amatiza so takoowaza.

— Alexander Maclaren

Teyabuulira ddiini ya kweraliikirira. Okuwummula kwe yayogerako obulungi tekwali mpeera ya kufuba kwa maanyi wabula kwe kuwummula okwa buli lunaku okw’omwoyo oguzudde awaka waagwo awa mazima, era yakakanga abawuliriza be okukusembereranga ng’ekintu ekituufu era ekimala byonna.

Tuba mu kuwummula bwe tuba tulina Katonda, era okumwegomba kwe kukakasa okufuna ekintu ekituukiridde era ekimala byonna.

— Alexander Maclaren

Emyaka amakumi ana mu etaano egy’emikuutu ku nkomerero gyakuŋŋaanyizibwa mu mulimu omukulu abasomi abasinga obungi kaakano gwe bamumanyiraamu: Expositions of Holy Scripture, okunnyonnyola okugenda mu maaso okwa Bayibuli yonna okwaggibwa butereevu mu kifo ky’okubuulira ekya Union Chapel. Tekukyafuuka kya bwereere. Emirembe gy’ababuulizi abataawulira ddoobozi lye baayiga okuva mu bitabo ebyo engeri y’okuzuula omukuutu ogwakwekebwa dda mu kyawandiikibwa — engeri y’okubikkula olunyiriri okutuusa lwe luvaamu Kristo waalwo, n’oluvannyuma okwejjaako nga gukola omulimu gwagwo. Si bibuulirwa bya kuyigiriza wabula mikuutu, nga gibugumu okuva ku lupapula, era abasomi abagijjira ng’ebinnyonnyola beesanga nga babuulirwa. Maclaren yennyini yalowooza nti okusanyuka n’okukola obulungi kw’omubuulizi kwalinnya ne kukka nga bwe kutuuka ku buziba bw’okussa kimu kwe ne Katonda okwa buli lunaku; okubala ebibala kwe okwawanvuwa kwali kakalu kalabika ak’obulamu obukwekeddwa. Emyaka amakumi ana mu etaano ku Union Chapel, essaawa ya buli lunaku ku maviivi ge n’Oluyonaani n’Olwebbulaniya, emikuutu emyangu mu mitwe gyagyo esatu emyangu — byonna byava mu nzikiriza y’emu, nti omuntu tasobola kufulumya ky’atanasooka kuyingiza.

Enkomerero y’obwesigwa obw’ekiseera ekiwanvu

Maclaren yaleka obusumba obw’obunyiikivu obwa Union Chapel mu 1903, ku lunaku olwatuukiriza emyaka amakumi ana mu etaano okuva ku lunaku lwe yabutandikirako, era n’afuulibwa omusumba eyawummula mu kitiibwa. Mu 1909 yawummulira mu Edinburgh, era eyo, nga 5 May 1910, n’afa, ng’ali mu mwaka gwe ogw’ekinaana mu etaano. Obwe tebwali bulamu bwa bubonero na byamagero — tewali kununulibwa kwa ttutumu kwa kwogerako, so tewali kuddibwamu kwa kyewuunyo kw’okusaba okw’okulaajana — wabula bwa kintu ekitasangika mangu era, mu ngeri yaakyo, ekizibu okusinga: obwesigwa obunywevu obutamenyeka, nga kyangu nnyo okububuusa amaaso. Yasomanga Endagaano zombi ezo buli nkya, ng’ayingira ekisenge kye kimu, era ng’abuulira abantu abo bumu, okumala ekitundu ekisinga eky’ekyasa, era obuggya tebwaggwaawo kubanga ensulo teyakalira. Obulamu bwe kye kiwaŋŋaaniza ekyekimya eky’okubuulira kwe — nti omwoyo ogulina Katonda tegwetaaga kintu, era nti omuntu asigala okumpi n’ensulo talikalira.

Tewali bitabo wadde okubuulira mu tterekero eby'omuwandiisi ono okutuusa kaakano.

Ebibuuzo n'Eby'okuddamu

Alexander Maclaren yali ani?

Alexander Maclaren (1826–1910) yali mubuulizi Omusukoti ow'Ababatisiti eyaweereza mu Union Chapel, e Manchester, okumala emyaka amakumi ana mu etaano — "omulangira w'ababuulizi abannyonnyozi b'Ebyawandiikibwa," eyasomanga buli lunaku, obulamu bwe bwonna, Ebyawandiikibwa mu Luyonaani ne mu Lwebbulaniya, era okusoma okwo kwe kwaliisa emikuutu egyakuŋŋaanyizibwa mu "Expositions of Holy Scripture." Obulamu bwe tebwali bwa bubonero na byamagero, wabula obw'obwesigwa obunywevu era obutakutuka ennyo, obuyinza okwangu obutafiibwako.

Yakulira wa era yatendekebwa atya?

Yazaalibwa e Glasgow nga 11 Febwali 1826, mutabani w'omusuubuzi eyali era omubuulizi ow'Ababatisiti atali musumba mutongole, bw'atyo n'akula ng'awulira Ebyawandiikibwa nga binnyonnyolwa awaka. Yasomera mu Glasgow University, oluvannyuma amaka bwe gaasengukira e London, n'atendekebwa olw'obuweereza mu Stepney College okuva mu 1842, omukugu mu Lwebbulaniya Benjamin Davies gye yamunywereza ennyo mu Luyonaani ne mu Lwebbulaniya nga oluvannyuma teyaddamu kuleka lunaku kuyitawo nga tabisomye. Awo we yakolerwa ng'omunnyonnyozi w'Ebyawandiikibwa — omuntu eyandimaze ekitundu ky'ekyasa ng'aggya emikuutu mu bigambo byennyini eby'Ebyawandiikibwa.

Obuweereza bwe obw'okusooka bwali wa?

Mu Portland Chapel e Southampton, gye yatandika okuweereza mu Jjuuni 1846, ng'ayitiddwa ng'omusigire okumala emyezi nga esatu mu kibiina ekitono eky'abantu amakumi abiri. Emyezi esatu ne gifuuka emyaka kkumi n'ebiri. Kwali kuyiga kuzibu era okutaalina kitiibwa, naye kwamuyigiriza obukugu obwandimufudde omututumufu: engeri y'okutwala ekyawandiikibwa ekimu n'akibikkula okutuusa ekibiina eky'abantu aba bulijjo lwe kirabamu enjiri yonna ng'eyimiriddemu.

Obuweereza bwe mu Union Chapel, e Manchester bwali butya?

Mu 1858 yayitibwa mu Union Chapel, e Manchester, era n'abeera eyo obulamu bwe bwonna obw'emirimu — okuva mu 1858 okutuuka mu 1903, emyaka amakumi ana mu etaano, ng'abuulira kumpi abantu be bamu, mu kibuga kye kimu, okuva mu kitabo kye kimu. Buno bwe bumu ku buweereza obw'ebbanga eddene obusinga okwewuunyisa mu kyasa ekyo, era mwe mwava erinnya eryamugoberera okuva olwo: omulangira w'ababuulizi abannyonnyozi b'Ebyawandiikibwa. Ebibinja by'abantu byavanga mu kibuga kyonna okujja okumuwulira, n'abaweereza abato ne bajja okuyiga, naye teyanoonya ttutumu.

Yakuuma nkola ki mu kusoma kwe?

Amaanyi ge ku kituuti gaali bibala by'enkola etaggwaamu maanyi. Buli nkya yasomanga essuula emu ey'Endagaano Enkadde mu Lwebbulaniya n'essuula emu ey'Endagaano Empya mu Luyonaani — si ng'omuyivu awagala ebikozesebwa bye, wabula ng'omusinza. Yayingiranga mu kisenge kye eky'okusomeramu ku ssaawa ssatu ez'enkya era, nga bwe kyayogerwanga, yayambalanga engatto enzito ez'okukoleramu ebweru okwejjukiza nti kye yali agenda okukola mulimu gwa maanyi. Ekisenge kye kyali kya kusomeramu, so si kya kuwummuliramu; tewaali ssimu, era okutaataaganyizibwa tekwayanirizibwanga.

Okusaba kwe n'okusoma kwe byakwatagana bitya?

Tebyali bintu bibiri wabula kimu. Ekitundu ky'essaawa buli lunaku mu Byawandiikibwa eby'Olwebbulaniya n'Oluyonaani kyennyini kye kyali okusinza kwe — Ekigambo ekyakkirizibwanga ng'afukamidde buli nkya, bw'atyo bwe yayimiriranga okukibuulira, yali ateeka bweteese ku balala ekyo kye yali amaze okufuna mu kwegatta ne Katonda. Yalowooza nti okubudaabudibwa n'obulungi bw'omulimu gw'omubuulizi byeyongera oba bikendeera okusinziira ddala ku buziba bw'okwegatta kwe ne Katonda buli lunaku; okubala ebibala kwe okw'ebbanga eddene bwe bwali obujulizi obulabika obw'obulamu obukusike.

Yategekanga atya emikuutu gye era n'agibuulira atya?

Yagaana okutegeka nga wakyabulayo wiiki nnyingi: "Nnina okubuwa nga bukyaaka," bwe yagamba — obubaka bwalina okuva nga bubuguma mu muliro gw'enkya eyo, so si kubugumya okuva mu bbaluwa ennyogovu ez'ewiiki ewedde. Yabuuliranga nga talina kiwandiiko, empisa eyava ku kabenje akatono: ebbaluwa ze yali ateeseeko mu Bayibuli ye ne zifuumuulibwa empewo mu kusinza, n'amalirira obutaddayo kwolekera bantu be nga waliwo akapapula wakati waabwe. Okumala ekitundu ky'ekyasa yawandiikanga sentensi ze ntono ez'okusooka zokka n'abuulira ebisigadde okuva ku lupapula lumu olwaliko emitwe emikalu gyokka.

Emikuutu gye gyali gitya?

Gyamalanga eddakiika nga amakumi ana n'ebigambo nga enkumi nnya, nga ginywerera ku kyawandiikibwa era kumpi buli kiseera nga gigabanyizibwamu emitwe esatu egitegeerekeka — ekyali kya bulijjo ennyo omuvumirizi ow'omukwano n'agamba nti yagabulanga omugaati ogw'obulamu n'ewuuma ey'amannyo asatu. Naye enteekateeka tebeeranga kkomera; yali ngeri ya kutwala kibiina, ensonga ku nsonga, mu mutima gw'ekitundu ky'Ebyawandiikibwa okutuusa lwe bakirabira ddala kyonna. Yabuuliranga okumatiza, so si kwewaana, ng'alowooza nti omulimu ogw'olubereberye kwe kwegyawo, waleme kubaawo kintu kiyimirira wakati w'abamuwuliriza ne Kristo ow'ekyawandiikibwa.

Kiki kye yasinga okwagala okubuulira?

Nti omutima gw'omuntu gwakolebwa olwa Katonda era tegufuna kuwummula okutuusa lwe guwummulira mu Ye. Yalina ekirabo ky'okwogera sentensi ezijjukirwa ezitava mu birowoozo: "Ebirabo by'ensi eno bitama era tebikkusa; Katonda akkusa era tatama." Eddiini ye teyali ya kweraliikirira — okuwummula kwe yasemba tekwali mpeera ya kufuba nnyo, wabula emirembe egy'obutonde egy'omwoyo ogufunye amaka gaagwo: "Tuba tuwummudde bwe tuba ne Katonda, era okumwegomba kwe kukakasa okufuna ekirungi ekituukiridde era ekimala byonna."

Kiki ky'atulekera?

Emyaka amakumi ana mu etaano egy'emikuutu gyakuŋŋaanyizibwa mu mulimu abasomi abasinga gwe bamumanyiramu leero, "Expositions of Holy Scripture," ennyinnyonnyola egenda mu maaso ey'ekitabo kyonna ekya Bayibuli eyaggibwa butereevu ku kituuti, era terekeddwangako kukozesebwa — ng'eyigiriza emirembe n'emirembe egy'ababuulizi engeri y'okuzuula omukuutu ogwakwekebwa dda mu kyawandiikibwa. Yaleka obusumba obw'emirimu mu 1903, emyaka amakumi ana mu etaano ddala okuva ku lunaku lwe yabutandika, era n'afiira mu Edinburgh nga 5 Mayi 1910. Obulamu bwe bwe bujulizi obusirise obw'okubuulira kwe yennyini: nti omuntu eyeekuumira okumpi n'ensulo tagenda kukalira.

Ekifaananyi: Ardfern, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons (from Manchester Faces and Places, 1889) — adapted (black-and-white)